最近因为要把以前做的一个项目数据库从MSSQL2005转移到Oracle上,所以开始接触Oracle,通过本篇随笔简单记录一些ASP.NET结合Oralce的操作; 因为微软未来不再支持 System.Data.OracleClient 这个 Data Provider 的研发,从 .NET 4 以后的版本,会将该类库移除。所以决定采用Oracle 自家的解决方案 ODP.NET; 目前ODP.NET最新版本为12.1.0.1.0(开发跟部署机器都要安装);下载地址[http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/windows/downloads/index-101290.html]; 该版本支持Oracle10g以上的操作;下载安装完后,我们可以在安装路径[product\12.1.0\client_1\odp.net\managed\common]找到要引用的Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll |
1:连接Oracle配置内容
<appSettings>
<!--<add key="OracleConString" value="Data Source=(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.12.15)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = Orcl)));User Id=wujy;Password=123456" />-->
<add key="OracleConString" value="user id=wujy;password=123456;data source=192.168.12.15:1521/Orcl" />
</appSettings>
2:对Oracle进行增删改
(1):增加操作
public bool Create(LogInfoModel model)
{
StringBuilder strSql = new StringBuilder();
strSql.Append("insert into LOGINFO(");
strSql.Append(" ID,LOGSOURCE,LOGTYPE,LOGCONTENT,OPERATER,CREATEDATE,ISDELETE");
strSql.Append(") values (");
strSql.Append(" :ID,:LOGSOURCE,:LOGTYPE,:LOGCONTENT,:OPERATER,:CREATEDATE,:ISDELETE");
strSql.Append(") ");
OracleParameter[] parameters = {
new OracleParameter(":ID", model.ID),
new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE", model.LOGSOURCE),
new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE", model.LOGTYPE),
new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT", model.LOGCONTENT),
new OracleParameter(":OPERATER", model.OPERATER),
new OracleParameter(":CREATEDATE", model.CREATEDATE),
new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE", model.ISDELETE),
};
return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql.ToString(), parameters) > ;
}
注意:参数的顺序跟SQL语句中要一一对应,否者也会报错,这个要MSSQL是不会出现的,更新也要注意参数的顺序
(2):更新操作
public bool Update(LogInfoModel model)
{
StringBuilder strSql = new StringBuilder();
strSql.Append("update LOGINFO set ");
strSql.Append(" ID = :ID , ");
strSql.Append(" LOGSOURCE = :LOGSOURCE , ");
strSql.Append(" LOGTYPE = :LOGTYPE , ");
strSql.Append(" LOGCONTENT = :LOGCONTENT , ");
strSql.Append(" OPERATER = :OPERATER , ");
strSql.Append(" ISDELETE = :ISDELETE ");
strSql.Append(" where ID=:ID ");
OracleParameter[] parameters = {
new OracleParameter(":ID", model.ID),
new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE", model.LOGSOURCE),
new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE", model.LOGTYPE),
new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT", model.LOGCONTENT),
new OracleParameter(":OPERATER", model.OPERATER),
new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE", model.ISDELETE),
};
return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql.ToString(), parameters) > ;
}
注意:Oracle更新要是用OracleParameter参数形式时要把条件也进行更新,否则会失败;这个跟MSSQL是不一样的;或者可以换另外一种写法:
public bool Update(LogInfoModel model)
{
string strSql = string.Format("update LOGINFO set LOGSOURCE = :LOGSOURCE ,LOGTYPE = :LOGTYPE ,LOGCONTENT = :LOGCONTENT ,OPERATER = :OPERATER ,ISDELETE = :ISDELETE where ID='{0}'", model.ID);
OracleParameter[] parameters = {
new OracleParameter(":LOGSOURCE", model.LOGSOURCE),
new OracleParameter(":LOGTYPE", model.LOGTYPE),
new OracleParameter(":LOGCONTENT", model.LOGCONTENT),
new OracleParameter(":OPERATER", model.OPERATER),
new OracleParameter(":ISDELETE", model.ISDELETE),
};
return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, strSql, parameters) > ;
}
(3):删除操作
public bool Delete(string ID)
{
string sql = "delete from LOGINFO where ID=:ID";
OracleParameter[] parm = { new OracleParameter(":ID", ID) };
return OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql, parm) > ;
}
(4):查找操作
public List<LogInfoModel> GetListForwhere(string strWhere)
{
string sql = string.Empty;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strWhere))
{
sql = "select * from LOGINFO";
}
else
{
sql = "select * from LOGINFO where " + strWhere + "";
}
DataTable dt = OracleHelper.OracleHelper.ExecuteDataset(PubConnection.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql).Tables[];
return Convert(dt);
}
3:创建自增字段
Oracle因为没有像MSSQL那么简单的创建自增字段,所以必需通过SQL脚本进行设置(先创建序列再创建触发器),实例如下:
(1)创建表
Create table t_user(
Id number(),userid varchar2()
);
(2)创建序列
create sequence user_seq
increment by
start with
nomaxvalue
nominvalue
nocache
(3)创建触发器
create or replace trigger tr_user
before insert on t_user
for each row
begin
select user_seq.nextval into :new.id from dual;
end;
4:使用存储过程进行分页:
(1):首先在Oracle新建一个存储过程,脚本如下(此脚本源于网络):
create or replace package p_page is
TYPE type_cur IS REF CURSOR; --定义游标变量用于返回记录集 PROCEDURE Pagination(Pindex in number, --分页索引
Psql in varchar2, --产生dataset的sql语句
Psize in number, --页面大小
Pcount out number, --返回分页总数
Prcount out number,--返回总条数
v_cur out type_cur --返回当前页数据记录
);
end p_page;
/
create or replace package body p_page isPROCEDURE Pagination(
Pindex in number,
Psql in varchar2,
Psize in number,
Pcount out number,
Prcount out number,
v_cur out type_cur
)
AS v_sql VARCHAR2();
v_count number;
v_Plow number;
v_Phei number;
v_prcount number; Begin
------------------------------------------------------------取分页总数
v_sql := 'select count(*) from (' || Psql || ')';
execute immediate v_sql into v_count;
Pcount := ceil(v_count/Psize);
------------------------------------------------------------显示总条数
v_sql := 'select count(*) from (' || Psql || ')';
execute immediate v_sql into v_prcount;
Prcount := v_prcount; --返回记录总数
------------------------------------------------------------显示任意页内容
v_Phei := Pindex * Psize + Psize;
v_Plow := v_Phei - Psize + ;
--Psql := 'select rownum rn,t.* from zzda t' ; --要求必须包含rownum字段
v_sql := 'select * from (' || Psql || ') where rn between ' || v_Plow || ' and ' || v_Phei ; open v_cur for v_sql; End Pagination; --**************************************************************************************
end p_page;
(2):把分页进行简单封装,返回DataTable
/// <summary>
/// 内容描述:使用存储过程,查询分页后的数据。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strConStr">连接oracle数据库字符串</param>
/// <param name="strSql">查询sql语句(要求必须包含rownum字段,别名是rn 如:select rownum rn,ID from TableName)</param>
/// <param name="curPage">当前显示页数</param>
/// <param name="strPageSize">每页条数</param>
/// <param name="strCount">返回分页数</param>
/// <param name="strRowCount">返回记录数</param>
/// <returns>分页结果数据集</returns>
public static DataTable getDataTable(string strConStr, string strSql, int curPage, string strPageSize, out string strCount, out string strRowCount)
{
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
OracleParameter[] parameters = {
new OracleParameter("Pindex",curPage-),
new OracleParameter("Psql",strSql),
new OracleParameter("Psize",strPageSize),
new OracleParameter("Pcount",OracleDbType.Int32),
new OracleParameter("Prcount",OracleDbType.Int32),
new OracleParameter("v_cur",OracleDbType.RefCursor),
};
parameters[].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
parameters[].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
parameters[].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
dt = OracleHelper.ExecuteDataset(strConStr, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "p_page.Pagination", parameters).Tables[];
strCount = parameters[].Value.ToString();
strRowCount = parameters[].Value.ToString();
return dt;
} /// <summary>
/// 内容描述:使用存储过程,查询分页后的数据。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strConStr">连接oracle数据库字符串</param>
/// <param name="strSql">查询sql语句(要求必须包含rownum字段,别名是rn 如:select rownum rn,ID from TableName)</param>
/// <param name="curPage">当前显示页数</param>
/// <param name="strPageSize">每页条数</param>
/// <param name="strCount">返回分页数</param>
/// <param name="strRowCount">返回记录数</param>
/// <param name="Strwhere">带条件 没有则为空</param>
/// <returns>分页结果数据集</returns>
public static DataTable getDataTable(string strConStr, string strSql, int curPage, string strPageSize, out string strCount, out string strRowCount,string Strwhere)
{
string StrSqlByWhere;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Strwhere))
{
StrSqlByWhere = strSql + " where " + Strwhere;
}
else
{
StrSqlByWhere = strSql;
}
return getDataTable(strConStr, StrSqlByWhere, curPage, strPageSize, out strCount, out strRowCount);
}
(3):分页测试代码
public static void PageGetDataSet()
{
string HangSh = "";//行数
string YeSh = "";//页数
string connectStr = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["OracleConString"];
string sqlStr = "select rownum rn,ID from wujy.Db_Tables";
DataTable tb = getDataTable(connectStr, sqlStr, , "", out YeSh, out HangSh);
Console.WriteLine("总共为" + YeSh + "页" + "|每页为10条|数据总条数为" + HangSh);
Console.WriteLine("第一页:");
for (int i = ; i < tb.Rows.Count; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(tb.Rows[i]["ID"].ToString());
}
}
(4):运行效果:
5:其它常见问题:
(1):创建完Oracle后我们一般会新建一个用户来,语句如下:
create user wujy identified by admin
创建完这个用户它是没有权限的,要对它进行赋相应角色
grant connect,resource to wujy
(2):Oracle中执行SQL时,如果被操作的表不是此用户创建则要在表的前面加上其所有者,否则将会提示没有此表,wujy就是这表的所有者
delete from wujy.Db_Tables where ID=14
(3):连接Oracle一直报:ORA-12154:TNS:无法解析指定的连接标识符
这个问题是因为我电脑里面装的几个版本的oracle客户端,我把连接的语句配置在9i版本上(tnsnames),却一直用10G的Oracle Sql*Plus去连接,肯定会报错的;
若是用PL/SQL Developer去连时也会报这个错误,要在”工具”–“首选项”–“连接”–“Oracle 主目录名(自动检测为空)”选择相应的版本
(4):我们平常都是运用CodeSmithGenerator来进行代码的生成;创建Oracle连接语句如下(一些参数自行替换):
Data Source=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.12.15)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=Orcl)));User Id=system;Password=123456;
(5):创建视图,提示“权限不够”,怎么解决?
grant create any view to 用户名
(6):赋予调试Oracle存储过程权限,怎么解决?
grant debug any procedure ,debug connect session to username
(7):多条SQL语句放在一起执行
以前用MSSQL时我们经常: string sqlStr=”delete from User where ID=1;delete from Unit where ID=1″;
但在Oracle就不能这么写,会报错误,要加上begin end;要写成如下:string sqlStr=”begin delete from User where ID=1;delete from unit where ID=1;end;”;
感谢您的阅读,文中OracleHelper为操作Oracle数据助手,可以从网络上进行下载所以就不上传了,若有需要或找不到可以留下邮箱地址;