Alamofire详解
预览图
Swift Alamofire 简介
Alamofire是 Swift 语言的 HTTP 网络开发工具包,相当于Swift实现AFNetworking版本。
当然,AFNetworking非常稳定,在Mac OSX与iOS中也能像其他Objective-C代码一样用Swift编写。不过Alamofire更适合Swift语言风格习惯(Alamofire与AFNetworking可以共存一个项目中,互不影响).
Alamofire 取名来源于Alamo Fire flower
Alamofire安装使用方法
使用CocoaPods安装，在podfile
source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git' platform :ios, '8.0' use_frameworks! pod 'Alamofire', '~> 1.2'
submodule 方式安装 $ git submodule add https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire.git
1.下载源码将Alamofire.xcodeproj拖拽至工程中如下图: 
2.工程->Build Phases->Target Dependencies 增加Alamofire 
3.点击如下图“+”按钮选择”New Copy Files Phase”添加,改名为“Copy Frameworks”并 选择选项下的“ Destination”为“ Frameworks”，然后添加“Alamofire.framework”
4.在需要使用的swift文件中加入import Alamofire，如下图: 
功能
- Chainable Request / Response methods
- URL / JSON / plist Parameter Encoding
- Upload File / Data / Stream
- Download using Request or Resume data
- Authentication with NSURLCredential
- Progress Closure & NSProgress
- cURL Debug Output
1.0版本计划
1.0版本将在Swift 1.0发布之后。
- 100% Unit Test Coverage
- Complete Documentation
- HTTP Response Validation
- TLS Chain Validation
- UIKit / AppKit Extensions
环境要求
Xcode 6
iOS 7.0+ / Mac OS X 10.9+
Alamofire使用方法
GET 请求
Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get") 带参数
Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"])
Response结果处理
Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"]) .response { (request, response, data, error) in println(request) println(response) println(error) }
Response结果字符串处理
Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"]) .responseString { (request, response, string, error) in println(string) }
HTTP 方法（Medthods）
Alamofire.Method enum 列表出在RFC 2616中定义的HTTP方法 §9:
public enum Method: String { case OPTIONS = "OPTIONS" case GET = "GET" case HEAD = "HEAD" case POST = "POST" case PUT = "PUT" case PATCH = "PATCH" case DELETE = "DELETE" case TRACE = "TRACE" case CONNECT = "CONNECT" }
这些值可以作为Alamofire.request请求的第一个参数.
Alamofire.request(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post") Alamofire.request(.PUT, "http://httpbin.org/put") Alamofire.request(.DELETE, "http://httpbin.org/delete")
POST请求
let parameters = [ "foo": "bar", ], "qux": [ , , ] ]
Alamofire.request(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", parameters: parameters) 发送以下HttpBody内容:
foo=bar&baz[]=a&baz[]=&qux[x]=&qux[y]=&qux[z]= Alamofire 使用Alamofire.ParameterEncoding可以支持URL query/URI form,JSON, PropertyList方式编码参数。
Parameter Encoding
enum ParameterEncoding { case URL case JSON(options: NSJSONWritingOptions) case PropertyList(format: NSPropertyListFormat, options: NSPropertyListWriteOptions) func encode(request: NSURLRequest, parameters: [String: AnyObject]?) -> (NSURLRequest, NSError?) { ... } }
NSURLRequest方式编码参数
let URL = NSURL(string: "http://httpbin.org/get") var request = NSURLRequest(URL: URL) let parameters = ["foo": "bar"] let encoding = Alamofire.ParameterEncoding.URL (request, _) = encoding.encode(request, parameters)
POST JSON格式数据
Alamofire.request(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", parameters: parameters, encoding: .JSON(options: nil)) .responseJSON {(request, response, JSON, error) in println(JSON) }
Response 方法
- response()
- responseString(encoding: NSStringEncoding)
- responseJSON(options: NSJSONReadingOptions)
- responsePropertyList(options: NSPropertyListReadOptions)
上传（Uploading）
支持的类型
- File
- Data
- Stream
- Multipart (Coming Soon)
上传文件
let fileURL = NSBundle.mainBundle() .URLForResource("Default", withExtension: "png") Alamofire.upload(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", file: fileURL)
上传进度
Alamofire.upload(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", file: fileURL) .progress { (bytesWritten, totalBytesWritten, totalBytesExpectedToWrite) in println(totalBytesWritten) } .responseJSON { (request, response, JSON, error) in println(JSON) }
下载
支持的类型
- Request
- Resume Data
下载文件
Alamofire.download(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/stream/100", destination: { (temporaryURL, response) in if let directoryURL = NSFileManager.defaultManager() .URLsForDirectory(.DocumentDirectory, inDomains: .UserDomainMask)[] as? NSURL { let pathComponent = response.suggestedFilename return directoryURL.URLByAppendingPathComponent(pathComponent) } return temporaryURL })
下载到默认路径
let destination = Alamofire.Request.suggestedDownloadDestination(directory: .DocumentDirectory, domain: .UserDomainMask) Alamofire.download(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/stream/100", destination: destination)
下载进度
Alamofire.download(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/stream/100", destination: destination) .progress { (bytesRead, totalBytesRead, totalBytesExpectedToRead) in println(totalBytesRead) } .response { (request, response, _, error) in println(response) }
认证（Authentication）
支持以下几种认证
- HTTP Basic
- HTTP Digest
- Kerberos
- NTLM
Http basic认证
let user = "user" let password = "password" Alamofire.request(.GET, "https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/\(user)/\(password)") .authenticate(HTTPBasic: user, password: password) .response {(request, response, _, error) in println(response) }
采用NSURLCredential&NSURLProtectionSpace方式认证
let user = "user" let password = "password" let credential = NSURLCredential(user: user, password: password, persistence: .ForSession) let protectionSpace = NSURLProtectionSpace(host: , `protocol`: "https", realm: nil, authenticationMethod: NSURLAuthenticationMethodHTTPBasic) Alamofire.request(.GET, "https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/\(user)/\(password)") .authenticate(usingCredential: credential, forProtectionSpace: protectionSpace) .response {(request, response, _, error) in println(response) }
Printable
let request = Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/ip") println(request) // GET http://httpbin.org/ip (200)
调试
let request = Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"]) debugPrintln(request)
Output (cURL)
$ curl -i \ -H "User-Agent: Alamofire" \ -H "Accept-Encoding: Accept-Encoding: gzip;q=1.0,compress;q=0.5" \ -H "Accept-Language: en;q=1.0,fr;q=0.9,de;q=0.8,zh-Hans;q=0.7,zh-Hant;q=0.6,ja;q=0.5" \ "http://httpbin.org/get?foo=bar"
