python 下有多个有关时间的模块,分别是time、datetime、calendar,今天重点讨论下time写法。
其中time模块,主要有以下方法:
ltime=time.time() 获取当前系统时间,返回float型数值时间戳(当前时间相对于1970.1.1 00:00:00以秒计算的偏移量);
localtime=time.localtime(ltime) 把float型时间戳转变成当前时区struct time型时间(其实是一个数组);
localtime=time.gmtime(ltime) 把float型时间戳转变成UTC时区struct time型时间(其实是一个数组);
ltime= time.mktime(localtime) 把str uct time转成float型时间戳。
strtime= time.strftime(‘%Y%m%d %H%M%S’, localtime) ,localtime参数是struct time时间,返回字符串。
localtime=time.strptime(strtime,’%Y%m%d %H%M%S’) ,正好是strftime的反向操作,strtime参数字符串格式日期。
举例,一个时间偏移后的比较情况:
#-*-coding=utf-8-*-
__author__='zhongtang' '''
时间戳与字符串的互相转换
''' import time localtime1=time.localtime()
time.sleep(5)
localtime2=time.localtime(time.time()) print type(localtime1),localtime1
print type(localtime2),localtime2 gmtime=time.gmtime(time.time())
print type(gmtime),gmtime strtime1=''
strtime2='' #字符串变成时间数据结构
localtime1=time.strptime(strtime1,'%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
localtime2=time.strptime(strtime2,'%Y%m%d%H%M%S') print type(localtime1),localtime1
print type(localtime2),localtime2 #从时间数据结构转换成时间戳
time1= time.mktime(localtime1)
time2= time.mktime(localtime2) print type(time1),time1
print type(time2),time2 #时间戳可以直接相减,得到以秒为单位的差额
print time2-time1
输出结果
<type 'time.struct_time'> time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=19, tm_hour=9, tm_min=9, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=140, tm_isdst=0)
<type 'time.struct_time'> time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=19, tm_hour=9, tm_min=9, tm_sec=35, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=140, tm_isdst=0)
<type 'time.struct_time'> time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=19, tm_hour=1, tm_min=9, tm_sec=35, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=140, tm_isdst=0)
<type 'time.struct_time'> time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=18, tm_hour=1, tm_min=1, tm_sec=1, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=139, tm_isdst=-1)
<type 'time.struct_time'> time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=18, tm_hour=2, tm_min=1, tm_sec=1, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=139, tm_isdst=-1)
<type 'float'> 1463504461.0
<type 'float'> 1463508061.0
3600.0