log4net库是Apache log4j框架在Microsoft .NET平台的实现，是一个帮助程序员将日志信息输出到各种目标（控制台、文件、数据库等）的工具。
前提
最近做项目需要记录系统日志和用户操作日志，就想起来了log4net,但是业务需要需要加入自定义属性，并把自定义属性日志数据插入到数据库中，看好趁这个机会学习总结下。
详细步骤
一、首先下载：log4net.dll 下载地址：http://logging.apache.org/log4net/download_log4net.cgi
二、在项目中进行引用。这个不多说了，相信大家都很熟悉这个过程。
三、在web.config，加入以下代码:
1 <configSections>
2 <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net" />
3 </configSections>
四、然后在与web.config同目录下面新建个配置文件，我这建了个log4net.config，如下图
五、在log4net.config加入以下代码，里面注释和详细 ，大家可以看如下代码：
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2 <configuration>
3 <configSections>
4 <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net"/>
5 </configSections>
6
7 <log4net>
8 <logger name="myLogger">
9 <level value="INFO"/>
10 <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer"/>
11 <!--sql server数据库1-->
12 <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer1"/>
13 <!--sql server数据库2-->
14 <appender-ref ref="AdoNetAppender_Sqllite"/>
15 <!--sqlite数据库-->
16 <appender-ref ref="InfoAppender"/>
17 <!--记录到文件-->
18 </logger>
19
20 <!--sql server数据库1-->
21 <appender name="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer" type="log4net.Appender.AdoNetAppender">
22 <!-- BufferSize 为缓冲区大小，只有日志记录超5 条才会一块写入到数据库 -->
23 <!-- 或写为<param name="BufferSize" value="10" /> -->
24 <bufferSize value="0"/>
25 <!-- 引用 -->
26 <!--2.0这是对应sql2008 如是2000或2005另外配置-->
27 <connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>
28
29 <!-- 连接数据库字符串 -->
30 <connectionString value="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Log;User ID=sa;Password=sa123;" />
31 <!-- 插入到表Log -->
32 <commandText value = "INSERT INTO Mylogger ([EVENTTYPE],[TIMESTAMP],[EVENTCATEGORY],[EVENT_ID],[COMPUTERNAME],[MAC_ADDRESS],[USERNAME],[SOURCETYPE],[SOURCE],[DESCRIPTION],[COLLECTDATE]) VALUES (@Event_Type,@log_date, @EventCategory, @Event_ID, @ComputerName,@Mac_Address,@UserName,@SourceType,@Source,@Description,@CollectDate) "/>
33
34 <!-- 日志类型，这里均为3 -->
35 <parameter>
36 <parameterName value = "@Event_Type"/>
37 <dbType value = "Int32"/>
38 <!--<dbType value = "String"/>
39 <size value = "50"/>-->
40 <!-- LogComponent 是类所在的命名空间，MyLayout 是自定义属性所在的类，这是我们自己要写的部分，将在下面介绍。 -->
41 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">
42 <!-- 当用到property 时，就表明这是用户自定义的字段属性啦，是log4net 中所没有提供的字段。 -->
43 <conversionPattern value = "%property{Event_Type} "/>
44 </layout>
45 </parameter>
46
47 <!-- 日志记录时间，RawTimeStampLayout 为默认的时间输出格式 -->
48 <parameter>
49 <parameterName value = "@log_date"/>
50 <dbType value = "DateTime"/>
51 <layout type = "log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>
52 <!-- /这里呢是获取log4net 中提供的日志时间 -->
53 </parameter>
54
55 <!-- 日志分类描述 -->
56 <parameter>
57 <parameterName value = "@EventCategory"/>
58 <dbType value = "String"/>
59 <size value = "50"/>
60 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">
61 <conversionPattern value = "%property{EventCategory}"/>
62 </layout>
63 </parameter>
64
65 <!-- 日志分类号 -->
66 <parameter>
67 <parameterName value = "@Event_ID"/>
68 <dbType value = "Int32"/>
69 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">
70 <conversionPattern value = "%property{Event_ID}"/>
71 </layout>
72 </parameter>
73
74 <!-- 计算机IP -->
75 <parameter>
76 <parameterName value = "@ComputerName"/>
77 <dbType value = "String"/>
78 <size value = "50"/>
79 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">
80 <conversionPattern value = "%property{ComputerName}"/>
81 </layout>
82 </parameter>
83
84 <!-- 计算机Mac 信息 -->
85 <parameter>
86 <parameterName value = "@Mac_Address"/>
87 <dbType value = "String"/>
88 <size value = "50 "/>
89 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout, log4nettest">
90 <conversionPattern value = "%property{Mac_Address}"/>
91 </layout>
92 </parameter>
93
94 <!-- 登陆系统用户名 -->
95 <parameter>
96 <parameterName value = "@UserName"/>
97 <dbType value = "String"/>
98 <size value = "50"/>
99 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">
100 <conversionPattern value = "%property{UserName}"/>
101 </layout>
102 </parameter>
103
104 <!-- 事件来源类型，这里默认为Rier -->
105 <parameter>
106 <parameterName value = "@SourceType"/>
107 <dbType value = "String"/>
108 <size value = "20"/>
109 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">
110 <conversionPattern value = "%property{SourceType}"/>
111 </layout>
112 </parameter>
113
114 <!-- 事件来源 -->
115 <parameter>
116 <parameterName value = "@Source "/>
117 <dbType value = "String"/>
118 <size value = "50"/>
119 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">
120 <conversionPattern value = "%property{Source}"/>
121 </layout>
122 </parameter>
123
124 <!-- 事件描述 -->
125 <parameter>
126 <parameterName value = "@Description "/>
127 <dbType value = "String"/>
128 <size value = "4000"/>
129 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout, log4nettest">
130 <conversionPattern value = "%property{Description}"/>
131 </layout>
132 </parameter>
133
134 <!-- 日志收集时间 -->
135 <parameter>
136 <parameterName value = "@CollectDate"/>
137 <dbType value = "DateTime"/>
138 <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout" />
139 </parameter>
140 </appender>
141
142 <!--记录到文件-->
143 <appender name="InfoAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
144 <lockingModel type="log4net.Appender.FileAppender+MinimalLock" />
145
146 <param name="File" value="Log\\INFO\\"/>
147 <param name="AppendToFile" value="true"/>
148 <param name="MaxFileSize" value="10240" />
149 <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100"/>
150 <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false"/>
151 <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyyMMdd".txt""/>
152 <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date"/>
153 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
154 <param name="ConversionPattern" value="记录时间：%date 线程ID:[%thread] 日志级别：%-5level 记录类：%logger 操作者ID：%property{Operator} 操作类型：%property{Action}%n 当前机器名:%property%n当前机器名及登录用户：%username %n 记录位置：%location%n 消息描述：%property{Message}%n 异常：%exception%n 消息：%message%newline%n%n" />
155 </layout>
156 </appender>
157
158 <!--sql server数据库2-->
159 <appender name="AdoNetAppender_SqlServer1" type="log4net.Appender.AdoNetAppender">
160 <bufferSize value="0"/>
161 <!--2.0这是对应sql2008 如是2000或2005另外配置-->
162 <connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>
163
164 <!-- 连接数据库字符串 -->
165 <connectionString value="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Log;User ID=sa;Password=sa123;" />
166
167 <!-- 插入到表Log -->
168 <commandText value="INSERT INTO Log ([Date],[Thread],[Level],[Logger],[Message],[Exception]) VALUES (@log_date, @thread, @log_level, @logger, @message,@exception)"/>
169
170 <parameter>
171 <parameterName value="@log_date"/>
172 <dbType value="DateTime"/>
173
174 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
175 <conversionPattern value="%date{yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'.'fff}" />
176 </layout>
177 <!-- <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>-->
178 </parameter>
179 <parameter>
180 <parameterName value="@thread"/>
181 <dbType value="String"/>
182 <size value="255"/>
183 <!-- LogComponent 是类所在的命名空间，MyLayout 是自定义属性所在的类，这是我们自己要写的部分，将在下面介绍。 -->
184 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
185 <conversionPattern value="%thread"/>
186 </layout>
187 </parameter>
188 <parameter>
189 <parameterName value="@log_level"/>
190 <dbType value="String"/>
191 <size value="50"/>
192 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
193 <conversionPattern value="%level"/>
194 </layout>
195 </parameter>
196 <parameter>
197 <parameterName value="@logger"/>
198 <dbType value="String"/>
199 <size value="255"/>
200 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
201 <conversionPattern value="%logger"/>
202 </layout>
203 </parameter>
204 <parameter>
205 <parameterName value="@message"/>
206 <dbType value="String"/>
207 <size value="4000"/>
208 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
209 <conversionPattern value="%message"/>
210 </layout>
211 </parameter>
212 <parameter>
213 <parameterName value="@exception" />
214 <dbType value="String" />
215 <size value="2000" />
216 <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout" />
217 </parameter>
218 </appender>
219
220 <!--sqlite数据库-->
221 <appender name="AdoNetAppender_Sqllite" type="log4net.Appender.AdoNetAppender">
222 <bufferSize value="0"/>
223 <!--2.0这是对应sql2008 如是2000或2005另外配置-->
224 <!--<connectionType value="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>-->
225 <connectionType value="System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteConnection, System.Data.SQLite, Version=1.0.66.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=db937bc2d44ff139" />
226 <!-- 连接数据库字符串 -->
227 <!--<connectionString value="Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Log;User ID=sa;Password=123;" />-->
228 <connectionString value="C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\log4net\\Log4netExpand\\Test.db3;" />
229 <!-- 插入到表Log -->
230 <commandText value="INSERT INTO MAIN.[Log] ([Date],[Thread],[Level],[Logger],[Message],[Exception]) VALUES (@log_date, @thread, @log_level, @logger, @message,@exception)"/>
231
232 <parameter>
233 <parameterName value="@log_date"/>
234 <dbType value="DateTime"/>
235
236 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
237 <conversionPattern value="%date{yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'.'fff}" />
238 </layout>
239 <!-- <layout type="log4net.Layout.RawTimeStampLayout"/>-->
240 </parameter>
241 <parameter>
242 <parameterName value="@thread"/>
243 <dbType value="String"/>
244 <!--<size value="255"/>-->
245 <!-- LogComponent 是类所在的命名空间，MyLayout 是自定义属性所在的类，这是我们自己要写的部分，将在下面介绍。 -->
246 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
247 <conversionPattern value="%thread"/>
248 </layout>
249 </parameter>
250 <parameter>
251 <parameterName value="@log_level"/>
252 <dbType value="String"/>
253 <!--<size value="50"/>-->
254 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
255 <conversionPattern value="%level"/>
256 </layout>
257 </parameter>
258 <parameter>
259 <parameterName value="@logger"/>
260 <dbType value="String"/>
261 <!--<size value="255"/>-->
262 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
263 <conversionPattern value="%logger"/>
264 </layout>
265 </parameter>
266 <parameter>
267 <parameterName value="@message"/>
268 <dbType value="String"/>
269 <!--<size value="4000"/>-->
270 <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
271 <conversionPattern value="%message"/>
272 </layout>
273 </parameter>
274 <parameter>
275 <parameterName value="@exception" />
276 <dbType value="String" />
277 <!--<size value="2000" />-->
278 <layout type="log4net.Layout.ExceptionLayout" />
279 </parameter>
280 </appender>
281 </log4net>
282
283 <system.web>
284 <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
285 </system.web>
286
287 </configuration>
我主要说下里面自定义属性的代码的分别代表意义：
| 12345678 | <parameter> 96 <parameterName value = "@UserName"/> 97 <dbType value = "String"/> 98 <size value = "50"/> 99 <layout type = "Log4netExpand.MyLayout,log4nettest">100 <conversionPattern value = "%property{UserName}"/>101 </layout>102 </parameter> |
其中MyLayout，是我们自己定义的类，下面有介绍；Log4netExpand是这个类的命名空间；log4nettest这个代表是aspx页面的命名空间。注意在此区分。
六、自定义类，这些类呢包含将要插入数据库中的自定义字段
命名空间为 Log4netExpand包含3个类：LogContent.cs、 MyLayout.cs 、MyMessagePatternConverter .cs
1)第一个LogContent类如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;namespace Log4netExpand
{
/// <summary>
/// 包含了所有的自定字段属性
/// </summary>
public class LogContent
{
/// <summary>
/// 时间类型 均为3
/// </summary>
public int Event_Type { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 日志分类描述，自定义
/// </summary>
public string EventCategory { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 日志分类号
/// </summary>
public int Event_ID { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 计算机IP
/// </summary>
public string ComputerName { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 计算机Mac 地址
/// </summary>
public string Mac_Address { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 系统登陆用户
/// </summary>
public string UserName { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// Rier
/// </summary>
public string SourceType { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// Rier Recorder audit
/// </summary>
public string Source { get; set; } /// <summary>
/// 日志描述信息
/// </summary>
public string Description { get; set; } }
}
2）第二个类MyLayout代码如下：
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Web;
5 using log4net.Layout;
6
7 namespace Log4netExpand
8 {
9 class MyLayout : PatternLayout
10 {
11 public MyLayout()
12 {
13 this.AddConverter("property", typeof(MyMessagePatternConverter));
14 }
15 }
16 }
3）第三个类MyMessagePatternConverter 代码如下：
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Web;
5 using System.Reflection;
6 using log4net.Layout.Pattern;
7
8 namespace Log4netExpand
9 {
10 public class MyMessagePatternConverter : PatternLayoutConverter
11 {
12
13 protected override void Convert(System.IO.TextWriter writer, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent)
14 {
15
16 if (Option != null)
17 {
18
19 // Write the value for the specified key
20
21 WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, LookupProperty(Option, loggingEvent));
22
23 }
24
25 else
26 {
27
28 // Write all the key value pairs
29
30 WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties());
31
32 }
33
34 //if (Option != null)
35
36 //{
37
38 // // Write the value for the specified key
39
40 // WriteObject(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.LookupProperty(Option));
41
42 //}
43
44 //else
45
46 //{
47
48 // // Write all the key value pairs
49
50 // WriteDictionary(writer, loggingEvent.Repository, loggingEvent.GetProperties());
51
52 //}
53
54 }
55
56
57
58 /// <summary>
59
60 /// 通过反射获取传入的日志对象的某个属性的值
61
62 /// </summary>
63
64 /// <param name="property"></param>
65
66 /// <returns></returns>
67
68 private object LookupProperty(string property, log4net.Core.LoggingEvent loggingEvent)
69 {
70
71 object propertyValue = string.Empty;
72
73
74
75 PropertyInfo propertyInfo = loggingEvent.MessageObject.GetType().GetProperty(property);
76
77 if (propertyInfo != null)
78
79 propertyValue = propertyInfo.GetValue(loggingEvent.MessageObject, null);
80
81
82
83 return propertyValue;
84
85 }
86
87 }
88 }
七、代码页，实现通过log4net把日志（含自定一生属性）添加到数据库
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Web;
5 using System.Web.UI;
6 using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
7
8 using System.Management;
9 using Log4netExpand;
10
11 namespace Log4netExpand
12 {
13 public partial class test : System.Web.UI.Page
14 {
15 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
16 {
17
18 }
19 protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
20 {
21 log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("myLogger");
22
23 LogContent logmodel = new LogContent();
24 logmodel.Event_Type = 3;
25 logmodel.EventCategory = "登陆系统";
26 logmodel.Event_ID = 1;
27 logmodel.ComputerName = Request.UserHostAddress;
28 logmodel.Mac_Address = GetMacAddress();
29 logmodel.Source = "SS";
30 logmodel.SourceType = "1";
31 logmodel.UserName = "ADMIN";
32 logmodel.Description = "TEST";//在记录数据库操作时，可以在petapoco底层将sql语句放入其中。
33 LogHelper.WriteLog(logmodel);
34
35 lbMsg.Text = "数据记录成功！";
36 }
37
38 public string GetMacAddress()
39 {
40 string mac = "";
41 try
42 {
43 //获取网卡硬件地址
44 ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
45 ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();
46
47 List<string> list = new List<string>();
48
49 foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc)
50 {
51 if ((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true)
52 {
53 mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString();
54
55 list.Add(mac);
56 }
57 }
58 moc = null;
59 mc = null;
60
61 mac = list[list.Count - 1];
62
63 return mac;
64 }
65 catch
66 {
67 return "unknow";
68 }
69 }
70 }
71 }
代码例子源代码： Demo下载
